The Japanese officer convinced him that the Young Marshall wished to destroy the deposed Chinese Emperor and that there was a contract out on his life.  The Japanese provoked riots, which were blamed on Chang Hsueh-liang and eventually Pu Yi was smuggled out of China.  He was then formally enthroned as Emperor of Manchukuo on March 1^st, 1934.

 In his China and the Origins of the Pacific War, Youli Sun states that the Tanggu Truce of May 31^st, 1933 legitimised Japan’s control of China, north of the Great Wall.  According to the Japanese version of events this practically put to an end the long protracted state of affairs known as the ‘Manchurian Incident’.  They declared that they had no other intention than to maintain peace in the province of Jehol and pacify the provincial people from local banditry and the invading troops from across the Great Wall.

 On April 17^th 1934, the Japanese Foreign Ministry spokesman, Amau Eliji, stated that Japan had a special mission to maintain peace and order in East Asia and opposed any financial assistance to China by foreign countries and in particular any Western military or political aid.  This statement in fact confirmed the status quo and was proof of Western inaction.  The British and the United States responses to what became known as the Amau (Amŏ) Doctrine were extremely indifferent and both were unwilling to offend Japan rather than give support to China.  In May 1935 the Japanese Army presented a series of demands to the Chinese authorities in Peking, including the withdrawal from North China of Marshall Chiang Kai-shek's Central Army and the termination of all anti-Japanese activities.

 According to Youli Sun, the Marshall conceded to every demand except withdrawal of the Central Army.  Premier Wang Chin-wei and War Minister He Ying-qin were eager to avoid conflict at any price and they verbally agreed to all the demands requested by Major Takahashi Tan, the Military Attaché.  Nothing was provided in writing and the crisis mounted.  Ambassador Sir Robert Clive made representations to Japan, but wished to remain friendly with this country, because the British Government had to contend with the troublesome issue of Germany.  America was following a policy of isolation and had just granted independence to the Philippines.  With the world powers indifferent to China's fate on July 9^th, Wang wrote to General Umetsu (Umezu), the Japanese Commander in Tientsin, to meet the demands and this became known as the He-Umetsu Agreement.